Network Attached Storage Overview

Introduction

The Network Attached Storage (NAS) server, is a specialized data delivery appliance designed specifically for performance, low cost of ownership, and reliability.

Unylogix Technologies can provide you with various modular NAS appliances which are comprised of industry standard, best of breed hardware integrated with a highly optimized and specialized RTOS software kernel designed specifically for high performance data access, ease of management, and reliability.

The emergence of NAS appliances for the storage marketplace is analogous to the development of network routers. Originally, customers used a DEC VAX, Sun workstation, or IBM System/38 running routing software with a network interface card installed to provide network routing services. Cisco and Synoptics recognized that a dedicated routing appliance would provide superior value and introduced products specifically designed to provide routing services.

Performance for routers went through the roof, system administration went way down, and reliability increased. NAS appliances provide similar benefits for data storage access in the information infrastructure. Explosive data growth has created problems of accessibility, manageability, and reliability for the Information Technology manager.

STREAMLINED ARCHITECTURE

Network Attached Storage servers address this problem by streamlining file server configurations and operations, stripping away everything that is not needed to store and distribute data. Typically, a general file server would involve a reduced instruction-set computing (RISC) chip-based server for Unix systems or an Intel Corp. PC-based server for Windows NT networks, with a disk drive storage array attached to the server.

Much of the computing power of general servers is wasted in file server operations, which makes it a very poor investment. According to a study conducted by Carnegie Mellon University most servers require 25% of available CPU cycles for file I/O. Being a file server has everything to do with the [input/output] data path, not computing power. The general-purpose flexibility of such servers extends all the way down to the operating system, says Greg Garry, server analyst for Dataquest, a market research unit of Gartner Group Inc. A modern multitasking operating system can have 6 million lines of code, and it provides many functions that are not needed for file services. A stripped-down file-serving-specific program is a fraction of the size and runs much faster.

Networked file systems originally gained popularity after Sun Microsystems' Network File System (NFS) was placed in the public domain and most Unix-based systems adopted the protocol for networked file access. Today, many NAS systems are still widely referred to as NFS servers, even though products like SPANStor support multiple protocols including Microsoft's Windows SMB/CIFS Common Internet File system.

Keeping files on a server in a format that is accessible by different users on different types of computers lets users share data and integrate various types of computers on a network. This is a key benefit for NAS systems. Because NAS systems use open, industry standard protocols, dissimilar clients running various operating systems can access the same data.

One of Unylogix' favorite product is from NSS. Network Storage Solutions, Inc. was started in October of 1996 with the management led buyout of the assets of industry pioneer Symmetrical Technologies, Inc, who began shipping network attached Optical storage devices in 1990. NSS introduced the current generation of SPANStor™ enabled network attached storage products in May of 1998. SPANStor enabled NAS appliances provide unmatched speed, scalability, reliability and ease of management.

NSS Network Attached Storage products provide many benefits over other disk storage subsystems including:

  • Lower maintenance costs
  • Faster data response times and application speeds
  • Higher Availability and Reliability
  • Y2K compliance
  • Enhanced Migration of existing data
  • Scalability

STORAGE ARCHITECTURES

Traditionally, host servers attached to disk resources using direct connected SCSI connections. As server data loads, volumes, and server processing capacity increased, data I/O became a limiting factor in system performance. Additionally, as the complexity of these systems increased, management costs and total cost of ownership climbed dramatically.

As direct connected systems grow in terms of capacity and the number of files stored, problems with performance and reliability grow significantly. NAS based storage solve these problems by accelerating I/O and reducing data response times, in a simple data appliance model that is simple to install and manage.

The problems of increasing capacity, heterogeneous system access, manageability, and performance led to the development of the Storage Networking industry. The Storage Networking industry includes both the Storage Area Network (SAN) and Network Attached Storage (NAS) product manufacturers. SAN technology today is being driven by the various Fibre Channel manufacturers and includes both Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop and Fabric Switched technologies. As SAN infrastructures become more common for consolidating storage, NAS appliances are being integrated with SAN storage to provide customers with solutions that deliver the best features from both technologies.

SAN solutions address only a portion of today’s data I/O problem. The overriding factor for most applications is not only bandwidth, but response times. Efficient data delivery to the client or application sitting on the network in the terms of quick responses to data requests is much more important to most common business applications than streaming data rates (bandwidth). Most servers are I/O bottlenecked, and adding additional high speed storage controllers to an already bottlenecked server may not improve performance. By shifting I/O loads off servers to the NAS appliance, data access improves, and bottlenecks are broken. The Fibre Channel storage industry is responding to two major customer desires, the need for additional performance (bandwidth), and the ability to physically locate storage at a distance from the host server.

Network Attached Storage provides an efficient, reliable, solution to both these requirements today; using standards based hardware and software.

For example, the SPANStor line of enabled network attached storage products eliminate the server as a data bottleneck, delivering fast, reliable and scaleable data access. SPANStor-GT is a highly scaleable data server that installs easily and integrates into existing information infrastructures. Each SPANStor-GT supports up to four Network Processors ("NP¹s"), running on standard Intel Pentium-II hardware, in a single 19-inch rack mount chassis. Each NP operates autonomously, providing linear scalability, high performance, and reliable data access. The NSS NASengine and uStor line of thin NAS appliances provide high performance in an easily managed thin appliance. Supporting NFS, SMB/CIFS, and HTTP protocols, the SPANStor-GT can be accessed by both UNIX and Windows clients concurrently. Each NP can manage over a Terabyte of data supporting multiple Ultra Wide SCSI connections at speeds of 160 megabytes per second per SCSI interface.

As the number of Internet users and publishers grows, the demand for data-rich multimedia information is growing exponentially. Rapid data access is key to the Internet’s Information Infrastructure. Traditional measures of performance like storage bandwidth or throughput are rendered obsolete in an age where network clients require rapid data response times. Increased demand stresses and overloads the traditional servers that are directly connected to storage resources, resulting in sluggish and erratic performance. Network attaching storage with SPANStor provides the fast data response times demanded by the changing Internet Information Infrastructure. Data response times have become the key storage metric in the Internet Information Infrastructure, and SPANStor products deliver high performance with exceptional response times.

Network attaching storage can reduce traffic on backbones by best locating data on virtual sub-nets closest to the user population that most accesses the data on a particular network processor. Backup times are reduced with local backups on the NAS appliance keeping backup data off the network by streaming data from the disk volumes to tape devices attached to the NAS server. This approach permits the tape devices to run at their streaming speed, avoiding the stop/ start cycles (shoe-shine) of the tape transport which greatly reduces throughput. SPANStor supports both a Native Backup mode and the Network Data Management Protocol (NDMP). NDMP enables the NAS appliance to fulfill backup and restore commands locally for high performance, yet operate under the control of a host based NDMP compliant backup program from vendors like Legato, Veritas, or Workstation Solutions. For more information on NDMP visit the NDMP web site at URL http://www.ndmp.org.

NAS servers or appliances are designed to provide industry standard interfaces to information, in a fast, reliable, easy to manage device. For more information on SPANStor products or any of our NAS appliances call us or .